PTPN1 and Insulin resistance: Infliximab (a chimeric monoclonal, high affinity antibody which binds to and neutralizes the soluble and transmembrane forms of TNF-α) has been shown to ameliorate TNF-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro by restoring the insulin signaling pathway via mitigation of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activation [146].