INS and rheumatic disorder: On the one hand, a recent study conducted by Toledo et al. [93] in nondiabetic insulin-resistant adults without rheumatic diseases demonstrated that HCQ administration for 13 weeks at a dose of 400 mg/day, as compared to placebo, significantly improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity (assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and stable-isotope tracer methods) and enhanced systemic glucose clearance.