This “NEFA-PPAR-FGF21-LPL” axis is particularly intriguing in light of thinking that obesity and related diseases may represent an “FGF21-resistant” state analogous to insulin resistance [92,93,94,95] and with paradoxically high FGF21, and could operate alongside promising efforts to develop FGF21-directed therapy to treat atherogenic dyslipidemia, diabetes, and NAFLD [96,97]. This evidence concerns the gene FGF21 and diabetes mellitus.