Besides the propensity to accumulate phosphate as a driver for FGF23 increases, in addition to hyperparathyroidism, DMP1 suppression, as outlined above, chronic inflammation, iron deficiency, and FGF23 resistance due to α-klotho deficiency have all been implicated in the exponential rise of FGF23 as CKD progresses. Here, FGF23 is linked to hyperparathyroidism.