MAPK1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Ye et al. have shown that NPC-derived exogenous miRNAs affects T cell proliferation, differentiation and cytokine secretion, which may be related to accumulation of exogenous miRNAs targeting MAPK1 and JAK/STAT pathways [30], indicating the bidirectional effects of exosomes between cancer cells and stromal cells in NPC.