AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing PGC-1α expression by activating AMPK, and it also mediates mitochondrial apoptosis via the PGC-1α/TFAM pathway in tumor tissues by AMPK phosphorylation [23]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is neoplasm.