Significant differences were observed between DME patients with T1DM (21.88 ± 10.29 years) and DME patients with T2DM (11.77 ± 10.31 years) in the duration of diabetes (p < 0.001), insulin treatment duration (p < 0.0001), HbA1c values (p = 0.006), smoking habits (p = 0.01), and capillary oxygen saturation (p = 0.02). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.