The discovery of an immunoglobulin G directed against the astrocyte water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) not only allowed a reliable distinction of the disease from multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common differential diagnosis [3], but also led to expansion of the clinical syndromes associated with the disorder and the definition of a new set of diagnostic criteria with prognostic implications (2015 criteria) [4]. Here, AQP4 is linked to multiple sclerosis.