TGFB1 and cancer: Furthermore, patient-derived exosomes loaded with paclitaxel were superior to paclitaxel-loaded liposomes as a cancer immunotherapy in lung cancer cell lines [113], and exosomes carrying inhibitors of the self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenesis-related genes (e.g., miRNAs or siRNAs for TGFβ, Wnt, Hippo, etc.)of CSCs are possible therapies for cancer treatment [108].