IGHA1 and glomerulosclerosis: Together, Gd-IgA1 and anti-Gd-IgA1 antibodies form immune complexes that accumulate in the glomerular mesangium and induce activation of the complement system leading to chronic inflammation, mesangial proliferation, glomerulosclerosis, and loss of renal function (Figure 1) [1,18,19,20].