HES1 and cancer: Since heparan sulfate proteoglycans modulate numerous signaling pathways relevant to cancer stem cell properties [7,25], we next used qPCR analysis to investigate the impact of SDC3 depletion on the expression of constituents of the notch pathway (Notch1, Hes1, Hey2, Msi1, Msi2), hedgehog signaling (SHH, PTCH1, Gli1-3, Robo1), Wnt signaling (Wnt3A, Wnt 5A, SFRP1, TCF7L1, TCF7L2), and markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Twist, Snail, CDH1, Vimentin, ZEB1) by SKOV3 and CAOV3 cells.