Together, these results demonstrate that the phosphorylation of PCNA at Y211 is an example of how the regulation of the DNA replication core machinery on one hand is a signaling event influencing intrinsic cell growth functions including the maintenance of stemness, while on the other hand can also help shape the tumor microenvironment, which reprograms stromal activity, invasion and distant metastasis. This evidence concerns the gene PCNA and neoplasm.