Regarding the kidney, in T2DM db/db mice (mutation in the leptin receptor gene), diabetic otsuka long-evans tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats, and a type I diabetic Akita mouse model (AKITA/Slc) with diabetic nephropathy, dapagliflozin decreases macrophage infiltration and the reduction of the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory markers, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor growth factor-β (TGFβ) in the kidney [179,180,181], an effect also observed in mice with non-diabetic proteinuric nephropathy [182]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and diabetic kidney disease.