APOB and familial hypercholesterolemia: Hypercholesterolemia is the most common form of dyslipidemia that can be caused by the inheritance (familial hypercholesterolemia, FH) of a major variant in specific coding genes, such as LDL receptor (LDL-R), apolipoprotein B (APOB) or E (APOE), and the Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) [3].