We decide to challenge these cells without resorting them to CAIX or PD-L1 to see the performance of our anti-CAIX CAR T cells in a non-homogeneous setting of CAIX/PD-L1 expression representing more realistically the heterogeneous populations of cells usually present in the human ccRCC microenvironment. Here, CA9 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.