A CAR construction based on the same anti-CAIX G36 scFv 4-1BB but with no anti-PD-L1 secretion was recently used to produce CAR T cells in a CD4/CD8 ratio of 2:1, leading to complete ccRCC remission in an orthotopic model in NSG-SGM3 mice at a dose equivalent to ≅108 CAR-T cells/kg dose, with mice remaining tumor-free 72 days after infusion. Here, CA9 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.