Similarly, the ORA of down-regulated RA genes detected multiple cell-cycle-associated pathways including ‘cell cycle checkpoints’ (28/294 genes), ‘DNA replication’ (16/128 genes) and ‘G1/S transition’ (14/131 genes), while immune-related pathways such as ‘neutrophil degranulation’ (36/480 genes), ‘interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling’ (14/126 genes) and ‘signaling by interleukins’ (29/462 genes) were significantly enriched (Figure 2c). This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and rheumatoid arthritis.