CDK4 and cancer: Similar to our observation, Boivin D. et al. used the juices of thirteen different berries and revealed that the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by berry juices did not involve caspase-dependent apoptosis but appeared to induce a permanent cell-cycle arrest, as evidenced by decreased expression of cell-cycle-associated proteins, such as cdk4, cdk6, cyclin D1, and cyclin D3 [54].