HSP27 expression is elevated in various types of SCC, including OSCC, HNSCC, TSCC, ESCC and LUSC, and it is associated with shorter survival, chemoresistance, tumor aggressiveness, and crucial tumor cell migration and invasion; thus, HSP27 has come to be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, drawing increasing attention from the pharmaceutical industry. The gene discussed is HSPB1; the disease is cancer.