TARDBP and Alzheimer disease: Examples of proteins that misfold and form pathological aggregates associated with neurodegenerative diseases include amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau for AD; α-synuclein for PD; and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and TAR-DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) for ALS (for an in-depth review on the toxic role of protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases, see [2]).