Interestingly, similar to IPF fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, Class I and Class II HDACs were also found to be upregulated in abnormal, “proliferating” KRT5+ bronchiolar basal cells at sites of aberrant re-epithelialization and co-localised with the expression of p-STAT3 and surviving [165,249]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.