However, in vitro and experimental studies for lung fibrosis/IPF described in this review were mainly restricted to the assessment of inflammation status and fibroblast/myofibroblast apoptosis, but not on the effects of HDAC inhibitors on AECII injury/AECII death and the aberrant bronchiolar re-epithelialization process. The gene discussed is HDAC9; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.