After the initial study by Shimura et al. [16] regarding the gene transfer of the sodium iodine symporter (NIS) to non-iodine-avide thyroid carcinoma cells, Haberkorn et al. [17,18] transfected the NIS in hepatocellular and prostate carcinoma cells and could prove a substantially raised uptake of I-131 even in these cells. The gene discussed is SLC5A5; the disease is prostate carcinoma.