Interestingly, significant increases in the protein and gene expression levels of PGC-1α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis [111], have been noted in C26 and LLC tumour-bearing mice when the exercise intervention (45 min running on treadmill at 14 m/min, 5 days/week for 2–8 weeks) is combined with erythropoietin (EPO) treatment for preventing anaemia [55]. This evidence concerns the gene EPO and anemia (phenotype).