The use of HGFL-modulated tumor cells in HGFL-modulated mice revealed the phenotypic contributions of the different sources (tumor cell-secreted and physiologic) of HGFL, where complete ablation of HGFL has the strongest anti-tumor response, followed by loss of HGFL in tumor cells, loss of physiologic HGFL, and robust tumor growth when both HGFL sources are intact. Here, MST1 is linked to neoplasm.