ATM and ovarian carcinoma: However, mounting evidence has demonstrated that other DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, such as ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2, are associated with an increased breast, and potentially ovarian, cancer risk The risk associated with breast or ovarian cancer for each gene is variable and, for some, there may be no distinctive personal or family history characteristics that are predictive of carrying a pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant in one of these genes [3,4,5,6].