Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1), can provide lasting response and improve long-term survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.