Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 is the most intensively studied member of the PARP superfamily [32] and has a vital role in DNA repair as its hyperactivation can cause a particular type of programmed cell death, which—according to several studies—may have a significant role in retinal damage, inherited retinal diseases, age-related macular degeneration, and ischemia/reperfusion of the eye [33]. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.