INSIG2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Notably, staining of patient-derived hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors showed a correlation between high levels of phosphorylation at PEPCK1 Ser-90, INSIG1 Ser-207, and INSIG2 Ser-151 with decreased overall durations of survival, linking PEPCK’s alternative catalytic function to the clinical aggressiveness of HCC [184].