It must be pointed out that N. brasiliensis ES products induced airway eosinophilia in a dose-dependent manner [66], and moreover, we (data not published) and others [54,55,67] have found a robust increase in the systemic and peripheral eosinophil numbers as well as IL-4 and IL-5 levels after infection with N. brasiliensis. The gene discussed is IL5; the disease is Increased total eosinophil count.