Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding Nrf2 were found to modulate the risk of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) in conjunction with a previously identified HT-risk SNP in a selenoprotein cell-protective enzyme [10], thus providing evidence that Nrf2 has a protective role against autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). The gene discussed is SELENOS; the disease is autoimmune thyroid disease.