Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition (phenolic compounds and essential elements) of the hydromethanolic and water extracts of commercial samples of R. rosea in relation to their antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity, which is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This evidence concerns the gene BCHE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.