It has been described that Nrf2 constitutive activation induces pro-survival genes and promotes cancer cell proliferation by metabolic reprogramming in various cancers cells types, which could induce apoptosis repression, and increase the capacity of self-renewal of cancer stem cells (reviewed in [107]), thus suggesting that excessive or prolonged Nrf2 activation may contribute to tumorigenesis. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is cancer.