The signaling pathways involved in RPE cell damage and in stroke display similarities in the stroke penumbra, Wnt5a synthesis increases (Fig. 5f, i) in the ipsilateral side (Fig. 5f), Wnt5a protein elevation in both sides (Fig. 5i) and presence in the blood plasma after stroke, providing a potential stroke biomarker candidate. The gene discussed is WNT5A; the disease is Stroke.