CAD and viral infectious disease: In order to confirm the suppression of viral protein expression by CPs, when Vero E6 cells were treated with CPAV, CPSH, and CPHF before virus infection, respectively, N and S proteins were not detected (Figure 3C, lane 4, 6, and 8) as with 10 μM remdesivir (positive control, Figure 3C, lane 3).