GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the case of pharmacological approaches, exendin-4 belongs to the incretin family is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist with an ability to control hyperglycemic conditions in patients with T2DM and approved by food and drug administration and conceived as anti-diabetic agent.5,6 In the pharmaceutical industry, Exenatide is the synthetic form of exendin-4 with a 39 amino acid similar to GLP-1commonly seen in the saliva of the Gila monster (Figure 2).7,8