INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive metabolic disorder with a high rate of prevalence worldwide contributing to profound socio-economic implications.1 T2DM is mainly identified by a hyperglycemic condition that is caused by the combination of cell resistance to insulin and/or insufficiency of pancreatic β cell to synthesize and release insulin to the systemic circulation in response to high levels of glucose.