BDNF and Alzheimer disease: Exercise greatly enhance neurogenesis, learning and memory in animal models (van Praag et al., 1999a, b), effects associated with increased expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus (Adlard et al., 2004; Okamoto et al., 2021) and decreased amyloid protein levels in transgenic AD mice (Adlard et al., 2005).