<h4>Objective</h4>The present network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to summarize the direct and indirect evidence of common programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors including avelumab, atezolizumab, cemiplimab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and further to determine the optimal therapeutic regimen.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a systematic literature search to identify all potentially eligible studies in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until August 7, 2021. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.