TRIM21 and viral infectious disease: Based on that proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in TRIM21 signaling-mediated intracellular response of virus infection [23, 34], we determined whether anti-L1 antibody induces expression of IFNα, IL-6 and TNFα by HPV16 PsV infected cells pretreated with or without VCP inhibitor DBeq and proteasome inhibitor MG132.