The increased gene expression of NANOG amongst other associated pluripotent markers such as OCT4, SOX2, and REX-1, may indicate a potential adverse event, as that such co-expression of NANOG and OCT4 in previous literatures had reflected in poor prognosis of several malignancies including lung, glioma, and renal cell carcinomas59–62. Here, NANOG is linked to glioma.