TF and inflammatory bowel disease: Once we achieve greater insight into the TF interplay in mature ILC1 and ILC3, it might be possible to advance the design of candidate pharmaceutical compounds or to apply CRISPR-Cas9 technology to ideally target TFs that are relevant for the ILC1:ILC3 balance; subsequently, it might be possible to elicit a more favorable outcome in diseases such as IBD and CRC.Outstanding questionsAre T-bet-dependent and Hobit-dependent ILC1 the same set of cells, or are Hobit-expressing ILC1 fully derived from NK cells?