We further found that intra-LHb injection of the ERβ-selective agonist DPN in OVX rats reduced the number of c-Fos positive cells and increased monoamine neurotransmitter levels in the DRN and VTA, suggesting that reduced neuronal activity of DPN in the LHb may relieve anxiety-like behavior induced by the loss of estrogen, possibly through increasing the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the DRN and VTA. The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is Anxiety.