Direct evidence for a central role of neuroglial dysfunction in ME/CFS resulted from a positron emission tomography (PET) study of the translocator protein (TSPO), which labels microglia and/or astrocytes, but also endothelial and peripheral immune cells (Nakatomi et al., 2014). The gene discussed is TSPO; the disease is myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.