ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Potential clinical benefit of cytotoxic therapy did not look obvious, whereas dramatic breakthrough in the NSCLC management occurred in the first decade of the twentieth century, mainly attributed to targeted therapy against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), BRAF, mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (MET) mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and ROS1 rearrangements (Imyanitov et al., 2021).