NPAS4 and epilepsy: Notably, upregulation of NOVA1, neuroLSD1, and of the IEG proteins NR4A1, EGR1, and NPAS4 has been observed in patients with epilepsy and/or in epileptic mouse models (van Loo et al., 2019; Rusconi et al., 2015, 2017; Shan et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2016), and their deregulation might contribute to DEE9 epileptic phenotype.