Furthermore, patients with low CD4 cell count or unsuppressed HIV may be particularly vulnerable to severe COVID-19 outcomes [19–23], though our previous study [3] found significantly elevated risk of hospitalization relative to non-PLWDH even among PLWDH who were virally suppressed and had a CD4 count above 500 cells/mm3 at their last HIV-related laboratory exam (i.e., presumably the healthiest PLWDH). Here, CD4 is linked to COVID-19.