NOTCH3 and cerebral arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy: Notch3 mutations cause CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), a hereditary autosomal dominant disease, characterized by progressive degeneration of smooth muscle cells of small brain vessels, leading to dementia and death.27, 28, 29