Our proteomics data showed 5.01, 3.55, 7.18, 3.84, 3.67 and 4.90-fold higher levels of S100A8, S100A9, SAA1, ENO1, TPI1 and PGAM1 in ESCC patients sera compared with controls, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene S100A9 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.