Imbalance in the CD4+ T cell subsets is characteristic of AD as the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells play a vital role in AD by modulating the secretion of Th1-related cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ) and Th2-related cytokines (e.g., IL-4)9. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is Alzheimer disease.