Ivermectin, an allosteric modulator of P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2RX4) signaling, affects microglial polarization to favor the switch from a proinflammatory to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, potentiates myelin phagocytosis, promotes the remyelination response, and ameliorates clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animal models14. This evidence concerns the gene P2RX4 and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.