TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: It has been proposed that miRNAs are potential therapeutic targets in acute lung injury[45], since miR-216a level is decreased in ARDS patients, and the reduced expression of miR-216a is negatively correlated with the mortality of ARDS patients, while overexpressing miR-216a decreases TNF α, IL-6, and IL-1 β levels in adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial A549 cells stimulated with LPS[46].