INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Figure 5 illustrates the mechanism of inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of NAFLD. Among the identified inflammatory cytokines associated with NAFLD, CRP is a classical non-specific acute phase protein produced by the liver (27). Previous study found that CRP can upregulate NF-κB activity, and the activated NF-κB can then join the pathway that interfered with insulin signalling (76).