Significant heterogeneity was observed in studies investigating the inflammatory cytokines mentioned above (CRP, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, TGF‐β, MCP‐1, IGF-II, and ICAM-1), with I2 above 50%, mainly attributed to patient BMI, sample source, and diagnostic methods for NAFLD. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.