Such agents include BRAF inhibitors, which selectively eliminate or inhibit the growth of cells that harbor BRAF mutations and imatinib, which specifically inhibits the aberrant tyrosine kinase produced by the BCR-ABL gene fusion in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (45). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.